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98-01 R1 cam timing - tuned engine in powerboat - experts needed

7.6K views 29 replies 9 participants last post by  turd1  
#1 ·
Hello,

at first I want to say that this is the best forum, especially for getting technical information. I've read and learned a lot here, thank you all :bow

We are racing small hydroplanes in germany and we found that the best engine for our rules (construction of engine at least 10years ago, max 1l, only carburated) is a 98-01 R1 engine.
This is the boat:
Image


We could win the european championship this year and the information from this forum helped us a lot!

We changed the gearing and removed the clutch since we arent allowed to shift, so there is a need for a wide power band from ~7500rpm to (at the moment) around 12800rpm.

The engine runs with a ivan-like-modified airbox with k&n filter, a dynojet kit with DJ140 main jets, ported head, fully programmable ignition with 02-03 gnition coils and a self made exhaust system which is very "open" (sorry for my bad english btw). The CR was stock but will be raised for this season by milling the head about 0.35mm. The crancshaft is dynamically balanced, the pistons and rods all have the same weight. We don't want to rev over 13000 since there is not that much money available :no

So here comes the question (finally :D):

the original cams were degreed to 107/101. We have no possibility to test the engine on a dyno so what we do is always think about it, change 1 thing and test it on the water which is really time-consuming.

There is always a small "hole" in the power band at around 8000-9000rpm (which i have seen on many dyno charts w/o exup system, too).

There is no interest in power <7000/min. What would you advise us to do to get more power from 8000 on but without losing top-end power?

How does the open exhaust affect exhaust cam timing? Since the gas can exhaust easy can we retard the exhaust cam and the intake cam to get more power in the desired range?
I thought about 109/100 or something like that. Would this intake timing make the hole even worse?

I just need a bit theory and experience from you guys esp. how an open intake and exhaust will affect the gas flow and the needed cam timings.

Don't get me wrong, this is moaning on a high level since the engine pulls like mad above 9000rpm which gave us a top speed advantage of nearly 10km/h. But we always need to get better :hammer:

Thanks to all who read till here :)
 
#3 ·
Incredible bit of kit there nOfea4r :bow I can't even imagine why driving something like that would be fun! :lol

I can't really offer you much in the way of advice on actual cam timing numbers because I'm not crazily experienced with early carb R1's runnign std. cams but I will ask if there's any possibility of you replacing the std. cams with aftermarket performance ones as you'll gain a lot of power up top there with the right choice.

Are you not allowed to do that under your racing rules?
 
#6 ·
Thanks for your answers!
1 year ago was the first time we saw this kind of 4-stroke bike-engines from the inside because we ran 2-stroke engines before.
Due to that we only did the obvious things to the head, smoothing the ports (not polished), sharpen the edges between the channels and fitting the port size to the carb and exhaust diameters. After that the valves were grinded.

We did not change anything to the combustion chamber and compression due to lack of experience. We wanted to stay on the safe side and didn't want to change too many things without having run the engine. :scared
During the season there is no time for changing much. This winter we want to try new things and do the next step.

There is not that much money, we built the complete boat by ourselves and have 3 ~600$ engines from ebay, one was built last year, 2 are completely stock yet. So you get the idea of our budget :hammer:

I did a small video some time ago (only amateur filming):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8YdwJoXHOdE



The rules allow to run aftermarked cams. But I thought most of them will only give more power at very high revs. But most of the time is won during acceleration. At high speeds the boat is flying (very few drag) so even with a slightly "falling" power-curve it will rev further.
Maybe there are cams with higher lift and only slighly longer duration? How should a cam be to gain power from 8000+?
What would you say would be a good option from your experience?

I know very little about cam timing but I do know that if you go higher lobe centers in general it'll make more power on top.
I think your Idea about 109/100 is a great place to try & see what happens.

another thought, has your squish been adjusted properly?
The squish isn't changed. From my understanding it won't be changed by milling the head 0.35mm as we plan (Thats not so much but p-v should be on the safe side, too)?
Would it be the better option mill the head a bit less and remove one leaf from the std. head gasket?

Im afraid of having too few p-h clearance since the enginge will rev 12500+ for 75% of the time and will rev 13000+ when the propeller leaves the water.

Am I right that one leaf of the gasket is 0.25mm? Well I don't know if that will work out because we have absolutely no experience with this.

Regards
 
#5 ·
I know very little about cam timing but I do know that if you go higher lobe centers in general it'll make more power on top.
I think your Idea about 109/100 is a great place to try & see what happens.

another thought, has your squish been adjusted properly?
 
#7 ·
you are asking for trouble reving that high with a std valve spring:fact the redline is 11,800 with std valve springs. there is a reason they dont rev to 12,000+ on our bikes. and the same would be true in a boat.your best bet is to bump compression or you will have to spend money on aftermarket valve train components. changing cam timing or ignition timing or velocity stack length for that matter changes the 'characteristics' of the engine without really adding horsepower. the really get 'more' power you need cams or physically changing compression.
 
#8 ·
I think the std. valvetrain has no problem reving higher than 12000rpm.
There are many posts in this forum telling the same.

I would say a whole season reving nearly 13000 with many impacts due to propeller verntilation that will never happen as though in a bike backs that up a bit. Everything looks like new after that season, no indication of wear.
To be honest we are really impressed by the quality and the durability of this engine.

The question is not whether raising CR or not, the question is how (mill head only / mill head and remove gasket leaf etc.) and how crucial p-h and p-v will become at high rpm like this.

Since we want much torque in a wide range at mid to high rpm and don't bother about low rpm changing the engine characteristic is exactly what we did and want to do further and what these questions are all about.

We already got massive amount of power-gain with the actions taken. But more important than gaining max. hp values is where the power is in the power band and how surface area under the power curve from 8000-13000.

We can't change to a lower gear to be in the range where the power is, we have to get the power where we need it. :)

Regards
 
#9 ·
well a combination of angle milling ( needed with 5 valve heads) and thinner gasket is the ticket, depending on final cam specs and measured p-v and desired p-h. have you played around with ignition timing? maybe playing around with advancing and retarding might help?
 
#11 ·
We tried very much with the ignition timing and went with a few degrees more advance between 5000 and 9000rpm. This helped a bit but it doesn't nearly change things as much as on a 2-stroke engine.
Top end is still a bit on the safe side.
I guess there will be some work to do after raising the compression.

We can't do angle milling by ourselves so I should find someone I guess. What price-range I have to calculate for a good job?

Thank you for the link this is very helpful!
 
#12 ·
I think your Idea of milling .35mm is probably on the safe side but without measuring I can't say for sure.
I would also remove a leaf from the gasket to adjust the squish.

do you know how to measure p to v & p to H?
 
#14 ·
The engine is completely apart at the moment and we did not measure the clearances before.
We want to make 2 engines race-ready. So what squish and which p to v would you recommend for reving up to 13000 with std rods and - for the time being - std cams / valvetrain?

I would just use some solder to measure p to h and a soft spring and a gauge to measure p to v? Is there a better method esp. for measuring p to h?

why arent u using a 2 stroke engine?
We used a 2 stroke engine from 2003 to 2006. The main problem is that there is a 1000cm? limit. So either you put smaller sleeves and pistons on a 1100 or 1200 engine or you go with a 750 / 900 engine and bore it up.

We used a 900cm? Kawasaki 3 cylinder engine before. There is a lot of power, but the power band is just too narrow. We spend so much time in tuning this 2 stroke engine, even with 3 pipes adjustable during driving, water injection etc.

But with the R1 engine with the gearing we have very much torque at the propeller over a very wide range -> good acceleration with bigger prop with same max-rpm at the propeller -> more topspeed.

There are a lot disadvantages with the 4 stroke engine like its complexity, weight etc. but our first try with the r1 engine gave us 2 seconds per lap over our high-end tuned 2-stroke engine. Cost of 2 stroke engine: min 3500? + tuning. Cost of R1 engine so far: ~1400?. The decision is easy then. :epimp

The top 5 in our class are using 4-stroke bike engines (CBR SC44 and R1 RN01/RN04).

If we had rules like the american hydroplane 1l mod class where 1.2l 2-strokes can be used it could be different.
 
#16 · (Edited)
Hello,
...
OK Here are some answers on the issues you raised. Yes, with std cams you will be fine milling the head 0.35mm aka ~15 thou. No problems there, you have plenty of P/V clearence. Try a bit more wide valve clearences though ok? You can also, with this spec, (aka std cams, 0.35mm off the head), remove the center leaf from the std head gasket and impove your squish to 27 thou. And also raise even more the compression. You will still be fine as to P/V safety issues. I know cause I have measured this engine extensively.
Std valves and std valve springs are ok until 13000rpm. Also the std con rods. You need though to remove somehow the rev limiter from the ECU.
Time your cams at 106/104, and play with the needles on the carbs. You want to back off maybe one circlip position to get rid the flat spot at 8000-9000rpm. Its definitely needle related issue. And ask Ivan what float height recommends! It definitely needs to be set correctly if he says so.
There are aftermarket cams with higher lift and almost same duration or both aka more duration and higher lift. Look at kent cams website. Their power band will start at 8000rpm which is not that far away from the min 7500rpm you have set. These are not cheep at all though as they made as billet!
Finally when you've done all the above use a 4 degree ignition advancer if you can afford it in your badget. Its not that important but if you can get it, use it.

Regards,

PS: If your motor is std you dont need to measure the squish P/V etc. Just mill the head and remove the center leaf that will give you more CR and 27-28 thou squish with no extra cost of machining the deck. 23 thou squish is way too close, it will definitely touch with std rods and compromise the reliability of the motor in the long term. 25.5-26 thou is much better. Squish effect takes place at about 27 thou so 25 thou is not really that great improvement as it is, say, from 30+ thou down to about 27 thou.
 
#17 ·
advancing the ignition will lose total horsepower. even ivan says so. and besides he has programmable ignition.:fact and he must have something already that has removed the rev limiter?
 
#21 ·
Thanks for the tips BSR and boxter!

We have all 3 engines apart now and have to do lots of work on the 2 new ones (Clutch removal, gearing etc.) before tuning. It will take some time at least one month since we change many things on the boat, too.

On the ignition:

We are using a fully programmable ignition from http://www.ignitech.cz/
It is called TCI4P. There is a newer Version out (Racing3), but the TCI4P is everything we need. Unbelieveable how economically priced it is.

The program used is here

We already used this on the 2-stroke engine and have never had problems. There is really good support, also. You can use it for every engine max. 6 cylinder.

Maybe you guys are interested in this one... :)
 
#22 ·
On the ignition:

We are using a fully programmable ignition from http://www.ignitech.cz/
It is called TCI4P. There is a newer Version out (Racing3), but the TCI4P is everything we need. Unbelieveable how economically priced it is.
what language is used on that website? I can't seem to translate it.